Tuesday, February 14, 2012

Blog 2 - Educational Inequity

Educational Inequity

During the video last week, many of us sat brokenhearted and wanting to fix the problem of educational inequity in American schools. I have found some educational reform programs or ideas that may address this specific need, but it seems that for every positive review, there is also a negative one. One of the first things to pop up when I googled “educational inequity” was Teach for America. Anecdotally, I have heard great things about Teach for America, so I wanted to do some more in-depth research to see if the organization is living up to its claims.

The Mission Statement of Teach for America sees poverty as a problem that can be solved by “growing the movement of leaders who work to ensure that kids growing up in poverty get an excellent education” (Our Mission, 2012, para. 1). In other words, a lack of qualified teachers in underprivileged areas is their largest focus, along with having alumni who will go into the business and government realm to continue working on educational inequity. Critics of Teach for America cite their focus on the long-term goal as a problem because recruitment is centered on furthering Teach for America politically, rather than truly qualified teachers. In “Why We Need to Learn More about Youth Civic Engagement,” Youniss confirms young adults who volunteer are exceedingly more likely to vote in presidential elections than their non-civic-minded counterparts, but those who do not begin or complete their two-year agreement with Teach for America (for whatever reason) are even more likely to participate in government than those who graduate from the program (2009). This leads to the conclusion that Teach for America teachers who successfully complete their two-year assignment are most likely to stay in education.

One may wonder what Teach for America is doing that makes it different from any other alternative certification program. Recently, St. Andrew’s Episcopal School in Maryland, a “School of Distinction” by All Kinds of Minds, has partnered with Teach for America to further their brain-based learning approach. St. Andrew’s developed a workshop for Teach for America to educate teachers on the eight constructs of learning: “attention, temporal sequential ordering, spatial ordering, memory, language, neuromotor functions, social cognition, and high order cognition” (“Brain-Based partnership,” 2011, para. 6). In doing so, the school is working toward fulfilling its goal “to see every student benefit from what the school views as the transformative learning that comes from brain-based teaching” (“Brain-Based partnership,” 2011, para. 1). By “every student,” St. Andrew’s means every student in the nation. Teach for America is a good way to begin a nationwide initiative. Staying up on cutting-edge research and incorporating it effectively is just one way Teach for America differs from traditional alternative certification programs.

While there may be drawbacks to educational reform taking place through large corporation-sponsored programs like Teach for America, they have been effective in increasing student performance on standardized tests (Xu, Hanaway, & Taylor, 2011). Unless and until this dependence upon standardized testing as the be-all-end-all of education changes, we have to see Teach for America’s success as a positive effect on improving the gap in America’s educational inequity. Perhaps Teach for America can branch out by providing professional development for those of us who did not go through their program to become teachers.

References:

Brain-Based partnership for St. Andrew’s and Teach for America. (2011). Independent School, 70(3), p. 8.

Our Mission. (2012). Teach for America. Retrieved from http://www.teachforamerica.org/our-mission

Xu, Z., Hannaway, J., & Taylor, C. (2011). Making a difference? The effects of Teach for America in high school. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 30(3), p. 447-469.

Youniss, J. (2009). Why we need to learn more about youth civic engagement. Social Forces, 88(2), p. 971-975.

Wednesday, February 1, 2012

Blog 1

From the week’s reading, I took an interest in Greene’s article, “The passions of pluralism: Multiculturalism and the expanding community.” She basically discussed the views of many professionals in the field of education who believe the canon should be more globalized to include more cultural perspectives and show the universality of being human. She also spoke about finding voices in literature that have typically been ignored, as well as creating new voices to describe a community in which each individual is prized and welcomed. This is an excellent idea because confronting otherness allows one to learn and develop his or her own culture.

We should be introducing students to various perspectives in literature (among other content areas, as well) to teach mutual respect and understanding for others on a human level, so that we can encourage students to realize the ideal community. As cliché as it sounds, today’s students do embody the future, so we may as well train them to value change, growth, and uniqueness. The world is changing; it is becoming less “white” as the years pass. The curriculum should be moving with these changes.

Stepping away from the literary nature of this post, I can share an example of how only learning one perspective in a class affected me in “the real world.” I took French in high school, and had a wonderful teacher. I truly believe I knew a lot more about the language graduating from high school than when I graduated college. After graduating high school, though, I got the experience to travel to France. I am ashamed to admit that I was taken aback when I met a Frenchman who was black. Throughout all the videos and pictures shown during my high school education (even in the textbook), French people were white. Logically, Africa is very close and easily accessible to France, and they had even had multiple colonies in Africa, so it makes no sense to assume all French people are white. It is interesting to think of how much we, as teachers, influence and shape students minds even when we are not trying. I do not believe my high school teacher was being intentionally harmful; she was working with the curricular tools provided to her.

What I took from Greene’s article is it is important to make conscious decisions when developing a curriculum. Leaving something out can unintentionally sway beliefs in a way opposite from the truth. Our discussion on Rosa Parks’ role in the Civil Rights Movement is another great example of how mistaken beliefs can be perpetuated, rather than the truth. We must take responsibility to ensure we are preparing students to function in a world full of cultures different from their own.

References

Greene, M. (2012). "The passions of pluralism: Multiculturalism and the
expanding community." In Jana Noel (Ed.), Classic edition sources:
Multicultural education (3rd ed.)
(pp. 8-12). New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill.